(cup在圈内什么意思)(cpu是什么意思)

一周全球新鲜和时髦生活方式，都有新词来描述。大伙与翻吧君一起来看看这些新词讲了哪些新鲜事和时髦生活吧！

1cubicle etiquette (cubiquette):工位礼仪

2decision fatique: 决策疲劳

3wardrobe rage：衣橱怒

4gift-giving anxiety:送礼焦虑症

5time poverty(money-rich, time-poor)：有钱无闲/time-rich, money poor: 有闲无钱

6singlism：单身歧视

7desk psychology：办公桌心理

8sympathy seeker：求安慰帖/praise seeker:求赞帖

９designated drunk：代喝酒人/designated driver: 派对司机/beer compass: 断片指南针

1

这些“工位礼仪”要注意

如今大部分公司的办公室都采用隔间的形式，大家都在一个屋子里，但是彼此之间用挡板隔开，这样既能保证沟通便利，也能有相对的私人空间。

在这样的隔间办公室工作，有一些需要注意的事项，比如，说话不要太大声，因为可能会影响到旁边的同事。类似的注意事项总结起来就是我们今天要说的“隔间礼仪”。

Cubicle etiquette(or “cubiquette”) is a set of unwritten rules that exist in the workplace. Cubicle etiquette guidelines should be adhered to by both workers in the cubicle and people in adjoining work spaces. One of the main factors in cubicle etiquette is privacy.

“工位礼仪”（cubicle etiquette 或cubiquette）是办公室里默认的一些规矩，要在坐在工位上的人和周边的人员共同遵守。“工位礼仪”中主要的一条就是隐私。

Although employees are usually part of a larger workplace, they sometimes regard their cubicle as their own office. For all intents and purposes, the cubicle should be viewed as an individual’s office. When entering, do not just barge in and begin talking; the employee may be concentrating on something important. Stand at the entrance to the cubicle and make your presence known until the worker is able to talk.

虽说在偌大的办公室里，员工只占其中很小的一个部分，但他们大都会把工位当作自己的办公室。无论出于何种目的，员工的工位都应当被视作一个私人办公室。要进入别人的工位里，不要直接闯进去就开始说话，在工位上的人可能正忙于重要事务。正确的做法应该是：站在工位入口处，让人家知道你的存在，然后等人家有空的时候才开口。

Privacy should also take noise levels into account. The rules of cubicle etiquette exist in order to make the workplace a harmonious place. While talking on the phone, keep conversation volume to a normal level. No one likes to hear constant chattering or high pitched laughing.

讲话的音量也应该算在隐私的范畴内。“工位礼仪”的存在就是为了让办公室变成一个和谐的办公场所。打电话的时候，请把说话音量保持在一个正常的水平。没有人愿意时不时听到有人大声闲聊或者放声大笑。

Confidentiality should also be taken into account as part of cubicle etiquette. Thin cubicle walls will not prevent people from hearing client discussions. This should be remembered when talking on the phone or discussing confidential client information in person.

“工位礼仪”还包括保密意识。那层薄薄的隔断墙是不能阻止人们听到你与客户对话内容的。打电话或者与人谈论机密性质的客户信息时要格外记住这一点。

Keeping a cubicle clean and tidy is another facet of cubicle etiquette. A disorganized cubicle can reflect poorly on the employee’s level of professionalism.

“工位礼仪”另一条：保持隔间干净整齐。杂乱无章的工位会让员工的职业感大打折扣。

2

“决策疲劳”该怎么破？

逛了一天街，晚上想好好在外面吃顿饭，可是拿着菜单看半天也不知道该点什么？嗯，你可能是逛街的时候做了太多选择，到了晚上，脑子有点不够用了。

简单说，你这是有“决策疲劳”了。

Decision fatiguerefers to the deteriorating quality of decisions made by an individual, after a long session of decision making.

决策疲劳指一个人在做了一长串的决策之后决策质量开始下降的状态。

It is now understood as one of the causes of irrational trade-offs in decision making. For instance, judges in court have been shown to make less favorable decisions later in the day than early in the day. Decision fatigue may also lead to consumers making poor choices with their purchases.

决策疲劳可能是决策过程中一些非理性妥协的背后原因。比如，法官在下午做出的判决一般没有上午的判决那么令人信服。另外，疲劳决策还会导致消费者做出一些糟糕的购物决定。

The best solution for decision fatigue is the same as any other type of fatigue—rest. And there are many little steps you can take to minimize the impact of decision fatigue on your spending, your relationships, and your life.

对付决策疲劳的最佳办法跟对付其他类型的疲劳是一样的，那就是休息。另外，还有一些小建议可以帮助减少决策疲劳对消费、人际关系以及日常生活的不良影响。

以下是一些决策tips，能让你有效地做出判断:

a.Make vital decisions early in the day.重要的决策要在早上做。

b. Save unimportant decisions for later in the day. 不太重要的决定可以留到下午再说。

c. Avoid situations where you're drawn to impulsive decisions late in the day. 尽量避免在下午被拖入一个会让你做出冲动决定的场合。

3

衣橱怒：不知道该穿啥很气恼

有很多研究都显示，女同胞们每天早上打开衣橱，平均要花十几分钟来决定到底要穿什么出门。影视剧里也经常有这样的场景，女主要出去约会，于是她就一件一件从衣橱里拿衣服出来试穿、照镜子，旁边的床上已经堆满了衣服。

其实，选择穿什么出门真的是个挺让人头疼的问题。有时候盯着衣橱看了半天，也找不出一件想穿的衣服，心里有怒气也是难免的吧。

'Wardrobe rage'describes the irrational tantrums people feel when they are staring at the wardrobe but don't know what to wear or cannot find anything they want to wear.

“衣橱怒”指人们盯着自己的衣橱却不知道该穿什么，或者，找不到任何想穿的衣服时焦躁的发怒状态。

Cluttered wardrobes and anxiety about wearing the right outfit means the average woman spends almost 17 minutes a day rifling through their wardrobes. This amounts to more than four days a year or almost six months between the ages of 18 and 60.

凌乱的衣橱，加上想要找到合适衣服的焦虑感意味着女性每天差不多要花17分钟在衣橱里来回翻找。累积起来的话，这相当于每年有4天，从18岁到60岁的这些年里，大概会有6个月的时间，女性都在衣柜里找衣服。

And while men might not be as bad, they aren't immune - spending 13 minutes a day or the equivalent of three days a year deciding what to wear.

虽然男同胞们可能不会这么夸张，但他们也没好到哪里去。他们每天花13分钟在衣橱里翻找，相当于一年有3天的时间，他们都在抉择到底穿啥。

One in five men even own up to throwing clothes around the room as they struggle to pick an outfit, while more than a third have succumbed to a bout of 'wardrobe rage' at least once in the past.

有五分之一的男士甚至会在挑不出合适的衣服时把衣服扔得满屋子都是，超过三分之一的男士过去至少爆发过一次“衣橱怒”。

这个表达来源于大家都熟悉的road rage（路怒），后来衍生的相关表达还有web rage（网怒），desk rage（桌怒）以及air rage（空怒）等。

4

送礼焦虑症：到底送什么好呢？

本周末是父亲节，很多人都开始琢磨要给自家老爸买什么礼物。有时候，因为太在意对方的感受，所以在选择礼物时会犹豫不定，选什么都怕对方不喜欢。这个时候，送礼焦虑症就出现了。

Gift-giving anxietyis a form of social anxiety. The amount of anxiety one feels at giving a gift is dependent on the need for approval and the fear of being seen or judged in a negative way.

送礼焦虑症（gift-giving anxiety）是一种社交焦虑症。一个人在送礼时的焦虑程度与其想要得到的认可需求和对礼物会否得到负面评价的担心程度有关。

People with gift-giving anxiety might think 患有送礼焦虑症的人通常会这么想：

a. "What if my husband doesn't like his gift?" 如果我丈夫不喜欢这个礼物怎么办？

b. "What if my children think I was cheap?" 如果我的孩子觉得我挑的礼物不值钱会怎么办？

c. "What if my children think I bought more for their brother or sister?" 要是我的孩子觉得我给其他兄弟姐妹买的礼物比给他的多怎么办？

d. "What if my boss thinks my gift is inexpensive or he doesn't like the color?" 要是我老板觉得我的礼物不够贵重或者他不喜欢这个颜色怎么办？

e. "What if my sister already has this item?" 要是我妹妹已经有这个东西了怎么办？

f. "Will my gift to Dad be as good as my brother's gift to him?" 我送给爸爸的这件礼物会跟我弟弟给他的一样好吗？

g. The higher your need to impress, the more anxious you will feel when giving a gift to someone. 你越想要通过礼物给别人留下深刻印象，你送出礼物时的焦虑程度就会越高。

5

“有钱无闲”还是“无钱也无闲”？

好多年前有一首“神曲”，唱的是“我想去桂林，可是我没钱，等我有钱的时候，我却没时间”。

现代社会，每个人都很忙，精英人士收入高，但是工作强度和压力也大，少有时间休闲。低收入群体呢，因为工资太低，所以不得不经常加班来赚取必需的生活费用，因此，也没有时间休闲。

于是，大部分人好像都处于一种“没时间”（time poverty）的状态。

Time povertyis used to describe groups of people who, while having a high disposable income through well-paid employment, have relatively little leisure time, also known as "money-rich, time-poor".

Time poverty这个表达用来形容那些从事着高薪职业、收入可观，但是没什么休闲时间的人，还可以用"money-rich, time-poor"来表示，即“有钱无闲”。

The term can also be used to describe people who work long hours of under-paid job to make a living and don't have any leisure time left for themselves as a result.

这个词还可以用来形容那些从事低收入职业，需要长时间工作赚取生活费用，因而没有时间休闲的人，即“无钱也无闲”。比如：

Someone thinks of time poverty as a necessary condition of employment, while others are trying to deal with the problem through downshifting or flexible work arrangements.

有人觉得“时间紧张”是工作的一个必然状态，有的人则想办法通过放慢工作节奏或者灵活的工作时间安排来解决这个问题。

至于那些说自己没什么钱，但是有大把时间的人，咱们就可以举一反三，用time-rich来形容了。比如：

I am broke, I cannot even afford a nice cup of coffee. But I am definitely time-rich, you can call me at any time of the day, and I'll be there.

我身无分文，连杯像样的咖啡都买不起。但是我有大把的时间，你可以随时给我打电话，我随叫随到。

6

汪们偶尔会遭遇的“单身歧视”

非工作时间，如果单位有急事，领导会先找你；安排加班值班的时候，优先考虑你。因为，反正你也一个人，没什么事儿。这大概就是大家说的“单身歧视”？

Singlismis the stigmatizing of adults who are single. It includes negative stereotyping of singles and discrimination against singles.

单身歧视就是指给单身的成年人贴上某些负面的标签。这种歧视包括人们惯有的对单身人士的一些负面印象，以及对单身人士的差别待遇。

Singles are stereotyped as miserable, lonely, immature, too picky, afraid of commitment, and so on.

一听到某人单身，人们下意识地就会认为这个人是可怜的、孤独的、不成熟、眼光太高、恐惧承诺等。

Besides, they are targets of discrimination. For example, in their zeal to appear "family friendly," companies often overcompensate at the expense of singles, pressuring unmarried employees to travel more frequently, work more weekends and holidays, and so on.

不仅如此，单身人士还得承受来自社会的不公正待遇。例如，公司为了对有家庭的人表示友善，往往会牺牲单身人士的利益，比如说他们会让单身人士更经常地出差，周末和假期也常让他们来加班等。

7

探寻你的“办公桌心理”

你的办公桌上都有什么？绿植、照片、还是满眼的文件夹？据说，一个人办公桌的风格能够反应其性格甚至工作状态。快来看看你属于以下哪一类吧！

Your desk speaks volumes about who you are, and can even mark you out as suitable or not for your company. That’s what we called desk psychology.

你的办公桌能透露关于你的很多信息，甚至能看出你是否适合待在目前的这个公司。这就是我们所说的“办公桌心理”。

A behavioral psychologist has identified six main types of personality exposed by office work spaces:

一位行为心理学家通过办公桌的摆设分析出了六种主要的办公室心理：

1. Trophy desksreek of success. The ingredients are simple: a scattering of postcards from expensive destinations where you have spent holidays or conducted lucrative business meetings; invitations from dignitaries; and, casually but strategically placed, the odd award acknowledging sporting or professional triumph.

摆满奖杯的办公桌多散发成功的气息。桌上常见的摆设有：来自各种奢华度假景点或商务会议地点的明信片、名人发出的请柬，以及看似随意实则颇费心思摆放的运动或专业领域奖状。

2. Neutral-look desk. Quite organized but not too bland desk, with a pot plant and a snap of your Labrador, should reassure your colleagues that beneath your superpowers you are human.

相对中庸的摆设。办公桌井然有序但又不失生气，一盆绿植加一张家中宠物犬的靓照会让同事觉得，在威严背后，你和他们是一样的。

3. The coffee hub of the office. A forest of foliage, photographs of your extended family, and souvenirs from your last five trips to Great Yarmouth all on your desk? You are doubtless an extrovert.

办公室咖啡闲聊聚集地。桌上摆满了绿叶植物、全家福照片，还有五次去大雅茅斯带回来的纪念品？那你肯定是外向派了。

4. Heavily personalized desksimply that the occupant is settled and plans to stay, but too much homey clutter can backfire. Bottles of nail varnish, mouthwash, vitamin pills and soft toys may suggest you are more interested in your own image than in your job.

个性非常鲜明的办公桌往往说明这个人在这里很稳定并且打算长期工作下去。不过，如果桌上的个人物品太多反而会有不良影响。指甲油、漱口水、维生素片以及毛绒玩具等可能会让人觉得你对个人形象的关注多于对工作的关注。

5. Creatively chaotic desk. This might go down well in the media industry. The clutter, on close examination, will indicate wide cultural interests and mental agility.

杂乱却有序的办公桌。这种办公桌多见于媒体行业。如果仔细看一下桌上“杂物”，会发现桌子的主人在文化方面兴趣广泛而且思维敏捷。

6. Disorganized chaos– undisciplined piles of paper, mould-filled coffee mugs – speaks less flatteringly. It shows you are unable to delegate, to say no or to keep up.

杂乱无章的办公桌——纸张无序堆放、咖啡杯里满是污渍——当然传递不出什么好的信息。这样的办公桌说明你不知道如何将任务分派出去，不懂得拒绝，或者不知如何继续跟进。

8

朋友圈里的“求安慰帖”

打开朋友圈一看，这边在晒娃，那边在微商，还有一拨在长吁短叹，求安慰。

Sympathy seekerrefers to someone's status updates on social networking sites like Weibo, WeChat Moments or Facebook that are solely for the purpose of gaining sympathy from followers.

Sympathy seeker指有人在微博、微信朋友圈或者脸书等社交媒体上发布的纯粹为了获取圈里朋友安慰的那种个人状态，即“求安慰帖”。

This kind of updates usually include expressions like "so sad", "unhappy", "too frightened", or, they would write something pretty vague, for instance, "not knowing what to do", in order to draw attention and comments from followers.

这种帖子一般都会有“好伤心”、“不开心”、“好害怕”等字眼，或者，就是写一些意思非常模糊的句子，比如，“不知道该怎么办”，目的就是吸引粉丝的关注和评论。也就是我们说的“钓鱼”。

In other cases, they would only put a photo there and say nothing. These photos could be selfies, a cut finger, a bruised leg, or a swollen ankle, etc. The sole purpose is to make people curious and comment for more information.

还有另一种情况，求安慰帖里只有一张照片，旁边一个字的说明也没有。这里的照片可能是自拍，也可能是被划伤的手指、擦伤的腿或者肿起来的脚踝，等等。最终的目的就是激发人们的好奇心，然后评论留言想要知道照片的更多信息。

由此，我们也可以推论出，朋友圈或者社交媒体上的“求赞帖”就可以用praise seeker来表示。

9

派对司机指定的“代喝酒人”

一群朋友晚上出去聚餐的时候，一般都会指定一个人当专职司机，负责在聚餐结束后把大家送回家，因此，这个人就只能喝饮料、吃饭，不能饮酒。那么，如果有人向这个人敬酒怎么办呢？朋友们想了个办法，让他也指定一个可以替他喝酒的人。

Designated drunkrefers to someone chosen by a group of friends who assumes responsibility for all drink offers given to the designated driver at a party. Designated driveris someone chosen by the friends to drive everyone home after the party, and that means this person cannot take any shots.

Designated drunk指一群朋友出去玩的时候指定一个人替最后开车送大家回家的人喝酒，可以称之为“代喝酒人”（designated drunk）。那个派对结束后负责开车送大家回家的人叫“派对司机”（designated driver），这就意味着派对期间这个人是不能喝酒的。

The designated drunk is usually chosen by the driver. The designated drunk will take all offers of toasts, shots, and drinking competitions in place of the driver.

通常来说，代喝酒人由派对司机挑，要接受所有对派对司机的敬酒、干杯以及饮酒游戏邀请。

出去玩的时候，还有一类人，他们不开车，尽情开怀畅饮，喝醉了以后不用别人送，也能自己回家。大家都说这类人脑子里一定有个指南针。

Beer compassrefers to the invisible device that ensures your safe arrival home after a booze cruise, even though you're too pissed to remember where you live, how you get there, and where you've come from. It seems that there is a beer compass in your head that can get you back at home without even remembering it.

断片指南针指喝得酩酊大醉之后还能让你安全回到家的一种无形的指路设备，你可能醉得连住在哪里、怎么回家的以及从哪里回的家都不记得。可是，你脑中好像有一个指南针，能让你在断片的情况下回到家里。

编辑：马文英